Smart home strong/weak power distribution system and wiring cables

Home Electrical Design Specification and Basic Principles

Home Electrical Design Specification

Normative basis: According to the “2008 project construction standard specification formulation and revision plan (first batch)”.

Regulate the main provisions. GB 50096-2010 "Residential Design Code" the main provisions of the content.

(1) The electricity load of each home has great differences due to factors such as building area, construction standards, heating (or heating in the transition season) and the way of air conditioners, electric cookers, and hot water for bathing.

The specification only mentions the lower limit that must be reached. Each household electricity load should include lighting, sockets, small appliances, etc., and leave room for future development. Taking into account the characteristics of household appliances, the power factor of the electrical equipment is selected by 0.9.

(2) Safety requirements for the design of household power supply systems. In the TN system (protection zero-connection system), the residual current protection device may not be provided in the plug-in seat circuit of the wall-mounted air conditioner, but in the TT system (protective grounding system), all the outlet circuit should be provided with the protection device.

In order to avoid electrical fires caused by ground faults, home construction must take reliable measures. The residual current of the fire protection should not be greater than 500mA. To reduce false alarms and malfunctions, it is necessary to determine the residuals at the incoming branch of the power supply or branch of the distribution trunk according to factors such as line capacity, line length, laying method, and air humidity. Current action alarm device.

(3) In order to ensure safety and ease of management, corresponding requirements have been made for the power main circuit breakers in each home.

(4) In order to avoid the risk of electric shock caused by children playing with sockets, it is required to use a safety socket for sockets with a height of 1.8 m or less.

(5) Emphasizing that household public lighting should select energy-efficient lighting devices and energy-saving controls. The design should be specifically analyzed and adapted to local conditions. Reasonable energy-saving control measures should be adopted and fire control requirements must be met.

(6) The setting of the power socket shall meet the requirements for the use of household appliances, and the use of the mobile socket shall be minimized. To facilitate the safe use of electricity by homeowners, the number and location of electrical outlets are set to the minimum standards.

(7) The home information network system can be set separately, and can also be implemented using a cable television system or a telephone system.

(8) According to "Technical Specifications for Safety Precautions", for homes with a building area of ​​more than 50,000 rri2, basic models, improved models, and advanced equipment should be set up according to factors such as the building area, the size of the construction investment system, system functions, and safety management requirements. Type of security system.

(9) The access control system must meet the requirements for evacuation during emergency escape. When a fire occurs or an emergency evacuation is required, the anti-theft door lock of the evacuation door of the residential building shall be capable of being centrally dismantled or manually disarmed in the direction of the evacuation and opened in a centralized manner, so that personnel can quickly and safely pass through and safely evacuate.

Home Distribution Line Design Basic Principles

(1) The circuits of lights, common sockets, and large-capacity electrical equipment outlets must be separated. If the electrical equipment of the outlet circuit fails, only the power supply to the circuit is interrupted, which will not affect the operation of the lighting circuit and facilitate the troubleshooting of the fault circuit.

For large-capacity electrical equipment such as air conditioners, electric water heaters, and microwave ovens, a circuit should be provided for one electrical appliance. The increase in the cross-sectional area of ​​the conductor of the large-capacity power circuit can greatly reduce the loss of electric energy on the wire.

(2) Lighting should be divided into several loops. The lighting in the home can be divided into several loops according to different rooms. Once the lighting of one loop fails, it will not affect the lighting of other loops.

(3) The total power consumption should be consistent with the design load. Before the electrical design and construction, the total capacity of the residential building design should be known to the property management department and must not exceed the design load of the household.

General requirements for home electrical configuration

(1) A wall-mounted household distribution box must be installed at each home. The household distribution box should be equipped with a power main switch that can cut off the phase and neutral wires at the same time and have a disconnect sign. Each household should set up a power meter, and the meter box should be concealed in the public part of the wall.

The main switch in the power distribution box at home should use two-pole switches. The total switch capacity should not be too large, nor too small: The phenomenon of simultaneous tripping with the switch must be avoided.

(2) The configuration of household electrical switches and sockets should be able to meet the needs, and sufficient outlets for future home electrical equipment should be reserved.

(3) The outlet circuit must be protected against leakage. The load connected to the electrical outlet is basically a hand-accessible mobile appliance (vacuum cleaner, waxing machine, floor-standing or table fan) or a fixed appliance (refrigerator, microwave oven, electric heated shower, washing machine, etc.). There is a danger of electric shock when the electrical wiring of these electrical equipment is damaged (especially the wires of mobile electrical appliances) or the live electrical power of a hand-accessible electrical appliance is bright.

(4) Artificial lighting should be provided on balconies. The lighting of the balcony device can improve the environment and be convenient to use. In particular, it is necessary to set lighting on the enclosed balcony. The balcony lighting line should be worn darkly. If the building is not pre-buried, apply sheathing wire to the surface.

(5) The residence should have a cable television system and its equipment and lines should meet the requirements of the cable television network.

(6) The incoming line of each telephone should not be less than two pairs, one of which corresponds to the computer desk to meet the Internet access needs.

(7) The power supply, telephone, and TV lines should use flame-retardant plastic materials. Weak electricity lines such as telephones and televisions can also be protected by steel pipes, and the power lines are protected by flame-retardant plastic pipes.

(8) The electrical wiring shall be laid in accordance with laying requirements for safety and fire protection. The conductors shall be copper wire.

(9) The cross-sectional area of ​​the copper conductor led from the meter box to the distribution box of the household shall not be less than 10mm2, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the copper conductor of the lighting branch circuit of the household distribution box shall not be less than 2. 5 mm2, the copper of the air-conditioner circuit. The conductor cross-sectional area should not be less than 4mm2.

(10) The grounding of lightning protection and the protective grounding of the electrical system are separately set.

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