- System updates are performed regularly at 100%
- Automatic security updates enabled at 2%
- A limited user account has been added at 7%
- CentOS / Fedora installed at 11%
- Ubuntu installed at 13%
- Debian installed at 15%
- SSH access is hardened at 21%
- A verification key pair has been created at 23%
- SSH daemon options configured at 43%
- Fail2Ban is used to protect SSH login at 54%
- Unused network services have been removed at 58%
- Services running on the server are identified at 59%
- The service that can be removed is determined at 80%
- Listener services have been unloaded at 87%
- Firewall configuration completed at 90%
- Progress reached 95%
Now it's time to harden your server and prevent unauthorized access. Securing your system is crucial for maintaining a safe and stable environment.
Regularly updating your system is one of the most important steps in securing your server. Software updates often include critical patches for vulnerabilities and bug fixes. These updates help ensure your system remains secure against potential threats.
Enabling automatic security updates can save you time and reduce the risk of missing important patches. Depending on your Linux distribution, tools like yum-cron (for CentOS/Fedora), unattended-upgrades (for Debian/Ubuntu), or dnf-automatic (for Fedora) can be used to automate this process.
It’s also essential to avoid using the root account for daily tasks. Instead, create a limited user account with sudo privileges. This reduces the risk of accidental damage and improves overall security. For example, on CentOS and Fedora, you can add a user to the wheel group, while on Ubuntu and Debian, adding them to the sudo group provides similar functionality.
Hardening SSH access is another critical step. Using key-based authentication instead of password authentication adds an extra layer of security. Generate a strong RSA key pair on your local machine, then upload the public key to your server. This ensures that only users with the private key can access your server.
Configuring the SSH daemon properly is also important. Disable root login, turn off password authentication, and restrict the listening IP address if needed. These settings help prevent brute-force attacks and reduce the attack surface.
Additionally, using Fail2Ban can help protect your server from repeated login attempts. It automatically blocks IP addresses that show suspicious behavior, which is especially useful for preventing brute-force attacks on SSH.
Removing unused network services is another effective way to improve security. Use commands like netstat or ss to identify what services are running, and disable those that are not necessary. This reduces the number of potential entry points for attackers.
Finally, configure a firewall to control incoming and outgoing traffic. Tools like iptables, firewalld, or UFW can be used to define rules that allow only necessary traffic. A well-configured firewall is an essential part of any secure server setup.
These steps provide a solid foundation for securing your Linux server. Further enhancements may depend on your specific use case, such as application-level security, intrusion detection systems, or advanced access controls.
With these measures in place, your server will be much more secure and resilient against potential threats. Now you can proceed with setting up your server according to your needs.
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