Due to the traffic environment such as road, climate, traffic management and driving quality, the car must be constantly braked and emergency braked. When the brake is pressed in an emergency, the braking force will reach the maximum immediately and the wheel will be locked. If the front wheel is locked first, the steering will fail; if the rear wheel is first locked, the car is prone to slip or tail.
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ABS is an electronic control device used by modern cars to prevent the wheels from being locked during braking and to make the car stable. In some countries, anti-lock braking systems have become standard equipment for automobiles, especially in cars produced in Europe, America and Japan. Anti-lock braking systems (ABS) are designed and installed.
The anti-lock braking system of the car is ABS, which is an abbreviation of English. When the car brakes, the device automatically adjusts the pressure in the brake pipe according to the wheel speed, so that the wheel is always on the side of the brake. The slip state, especially the emergency brake, will intermittently brake, ie brake - release - brake to avoid danger. Anti-lock braking device, braking at 6 to 10 times per second - release-braking pulse brake, using electronic intelligent control instead of manual mode to prevent wheel lock and keep the wheel always maximized Braking power and keeping steering flexible. When the wheel is to be locked, the braking force is reduced, and when the wheel is not locked, the braking force is increased, and the repeated action is performed to optimize the braking effect. The device can be used to reduce the braking distance and ensure that the steering operation is still effective during braking. In particular, emergency braking can make full use of the peak adhesion performance of the tire, improve the anti-slip ability of the car, shorten the braking distance, and fully exert the braking efficiency.
In use, if the ABS system fails, the warning light will light up and must be stopped or repaired in time. The troubleshooting methods for common ABS systems are as follows:
First, the pressure relief of the ABS system
The general ABS system pressure relief method is: turn off the ignition switch (turn it OFF), then repeatedly press the brake pedal, the number of pedals is more than 20 times, when the pedal force increases significantly, that is, when the hydraulic boost of the pedal is not felt The ABS system is finished with pressure relief. Pressure relief is usually required when repairing the following components: any device in the hydraulic control unit, accumulator, electric pump, solenoid valve body, brake fluid tank, pressure warning and control switch, rear wheel distribution proportional valve, rear wheel brake Pump, front wheel brake cylinder and high pressure brake fluid line.
Second, the replacement of ABS system computer
Replace the original car computer with a normal computer, observe the working condition of the ABS system, and compare the original car to see if there is any fault. When replacing, turn off the ignition switch, remove the harness connector on the computer, replace it with a normal computer, plug in all the harness connectors, and turn on the ignition switch. Then start the engine, the red brake light and the ABS light should show the normal state of the system.
Third, the wheel speed sensor adjustment
The sensor sensor plug is dirty, and the air gap of the sensor does not meet the requirements. It will cause the sensor to work poorly and should be adjusted to restore normal working condition. The adjustment of the sensor can be done by attaching the paper gasket to the end surface of the sensor head. When the car is running, the paper gasket will naturally disappear as the sensor ring gear rotates.
Adjust the front wheel speed sensor (for example, the Tanford-style ABS): lift the car, remove the corresponding front tires and wheel assembly, loosen (fasten the sensor head) bolts, and disassemble through the disc brake mudguard Lower the sensor head, remove the metal or dirt on the surface, and scrape the end face of the sensor head. Paste a new paper pad on the end of the sensor head (marked with an “F†mark for the front wheel). The thickness of the paper pad is 1.3. Mm, loosen the bolts of the sensor bracket fixing bushing, rotate the bushing, provide a new locking dent face to the fixing bolt, and insert the sensor head into the bushing through the disc brake fender hole Make sure that the paper gasket is attached to the end face of the sensor head and does not fall off during the whole installation. After the installation, the sensor has good contact with the wire. Push the sensor head to the top of the sensor ring gear until the paper gasket contacts the ring gear. Tighten the fastening bolts with a torque of 2.4~4Nm to position the sensor head. Reinstall the tires and wheels, and put down the car, start the engine road test, the ABS fault indicator does not light up, the system is normal, the sensor is good. Otherwise, the ABS system is still faulty and requires further maintenance.
Adjust the rear wheel sensor: Same as the front wheel sensor adjustment. Lift the car, remove the rear wheel, brake caliper, transmission and sensor head, clean the surface, the sticker on the end of the sensor head (labeled R), the thickness of the paper pad of the 35-foot computer ABS is 0.65mm. Install the sensor head, tighten the fixing bolt, push the sensor head to the top of the sensor ring gear until the paper gasket contacts the ring gear. Keep this state and tighten the fastening bolt with a torque of 2.4~4Nm to position the sensor head. Reinstall the moving tongs, the wheels, put down the car, and finally take the road test.
If the wheel speed sensor is found to be malfunctioning, use a digital multimeter to measure the resistance of its coil. The resistance is greatly broken, and the resistance is small, so the sensor head needs to be replaced.
Fourth, the maintenance of hydraulic control devices
Before the hydraulic control device is overhauled, it should be relieved according to the general method. When disassembling the hydraulic control device, unplug the solenoid valve, remove the O-ring, lubricate the O-ring of the solenoid valve with a clean brake fluid, install the solenoid valve with good performance, and alternately tighten the fixing bolt with a torque of 4~5Nm to fix the electromagnetic Valve, plug in the wiring plug.
Five, ABS system replacement
Poor contact of the ABS harness connector, wire harness corrosion, breakage and damage to the external shield can cause the anti-lock brake system to malfunction and must be replaced. The harness connector is usually replaced with the wire harness. When the individual harness connector is damaged, the new plug can be replaced. The ground wire and the shield wire should be welded to the field. The wire harness plug is plastic and can only be replaced together with the wire harness. The harness connector must be inserted firmly to prevent poor contact. After the connector is plugged in, insert the latch.
Sixth, the venting of the ABS system
If there is air in the ABS system, the brake pressure will be seriously disturbed, and the function of the ABS system will be lost and the work will be abnormal. In particular, after repairing the ABS, deflate it in accordance with the “Maintenance Manualâ€.
Seven, hydraulic components leak check
When checking the leakage of the hydraulic components, turn on the ignition switch until the hydraulic pump stops, and then wait another 3 minutes to stabilize the entire hydraulic system. Look at the pressure gauge. If the system pressure drops within 5 minutes, it indicates that the hydraulic system has a leak. The re-inspection is whether the hydraulic component itself leaks or the external system leaks, repairs separately, and replaces worn parts or assemblies if necessary.
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