On September 26–27, the China Electric Vehicles 100 People organization conducted its latest industry training session in Shanghai Jiading Automobile City. The event focused on "Technology Breakthrough and Innovation of Electric Vehicles," bringing together leading experts to discuss key developments in power battery technology, core components, and future battery routes.
Researcher Huang Xuejie from the Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Professor Ai Xinping from Wuhan University’s School of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences were among the featured speakers. They provided detailed insights into the current state and future direction of electric vehicle technology, emphasizing the importance of battery innovation for driving performance and range.
Industry professionals such as Zhou Peng from Huasheng (Hefei) Power Technology Co., Ltd., Zhang Zhouyun from Shanghai Electric Drive Co., Ltd., and Yu Ping from Jingjin Electric Technology Co., Ltd. shared their experiences on the evolving trends in electric drive systems and cutting-edge technologies.
As a critical component of electric vehicles, power batteries directly influence the vehicle's speed and driving range. Ongoing research aims to identify the most suitable materials for maximizing energy density while ensuring safety and cost-effectiveness.
One pressing question is whether lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries are becoming obsolete. Huang Xuejie explained that LFP batteries are still widely used in commercial vehicles due to their long cycle life, stability, and decreasing costs. Meanwhile, ternary material batteries are preferred for passenger cars because of their higher specific energy, reaching up to 220 Wh/kg in cells and 150 Wh/kg in battery packs.
Despite these advancements, the quest for even higher energy density continues. Huang highlighted the potential of NCA (nickel-cobalt-aluminum) batteries, which offer high energy density but suffer from lower cycle life and safety concerns. He also discussed other materials like lithium manganate, lithium cobalt oxide, and lithium-rich manganese-based compounds, each with unique advantages.
Ai Xinping echoed similar sentiments, stressing the need to improve battery performance without compromising safety or increasing vehicle weight. He argued against simply adding more battery mass to increase range, as this could lead to higher costs and reduced efficiency.
Both experts agreed that lithium-ion batteries remain the central focus for future development. Huang suggested that improving the anode materials—such as graphene and silicon-carbon composites—could enhance the performance of LFP batteries. Ai added that developing advanced lithium-ion batteries with specific energy exceeding 400 Wh/kg is a promising path forward.
Looking ahead, both researchers emphasized the importance of self-heating control technology and all-solid-state batteries as viable solutions for safer, higher-energy storage systems. Ai also pointed out that lithium iron phosphate has a clear advantage in solid-state applications due to its superior oxidation resistance and low-temperature performance.
In conclusion, while new materials and technologies continue to emerge, lithium iron phosphate remains a strong contender in the power battery landscape. With ongoing research and innovation, it is expected to maintain its position as a key player in the electric vehicle industry for years to come.
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