Introduction: The construction of the new campus should also adapt to the development of this network era and introduce the concept of intelligence. In the traditional building automation system, it generally only includes subsystems such as integrated wiring, computer network, security, fire protection, and closed circuit television monitoring. However, in recent years, with the development of the economy and the advancement of science and technology, people have put forward higher requirements for energy saving and scientific management of lighting fixtures, making the position of lighting control in the field of intelligence more and more important. In the construction boom of the new campus, major universities and their builders also realized the importance of intelligent lighting. Compared with commercial buildings, the proportion of high-powered power and refrigeration equipment on university campuses is relatively small, and the proportion of lighting fixtures is relatively large. The use of lighting control system can better reflect its advantages in energy conservation and management, and improve the scientific management level of the school. The author uses Guangzhou University City as a reference to explain his school lighting control system design.
1 Advantages of intelligent lighting control systems
1.1 Achieve good energy saving effect and extend lamp life
Energy saving is the biggest advantage of lighting control systems. The traditional lighting mode of public buildings can only be turned on during the day and turned off at night. After adopting the intelligent lighting control system, we can subdivide the time period and working mode according to different occasions and different people's traffic, turn off unnecessary lighting, and automatically turn on when needed. At the same time, the system can also make full use of natural light to automatically adjust the indoor illumination. The control system realizes multiple lighting working modes in different working places, which effectively reduces the working time of the lamps while ensuring the necessary lighting, saves unnecessary energy expenditure, and prolongs the life of the lamps.
1.2 Improve the working environment and improve work efficiency
A good working environment is a necessary condition for improving work efficiency. Reasonable selection of light sources, lamps and lighting control systems with superior performance can improve the quality of lighting. The intelligent lighting control system has two control methods of switching and dimming, which can effectively control the average illuminance value of various lighting places, thereby improving illuminance uniformity. At the same time, the system can automatically adjust the illumination according to different time periods and people's different needs.
1.3 Achieve a variety of lighting effects
A variety of lighting control methods can make the same building have a variety of artistic effects, adding a lot to the building. In modern buildings, lighting is not simply to meet the visual and dark effects of people. It should also have a variety of control schemes to make buildings more vivid and artistic, giving people a rich visual effect and aesthetics. In a building, outdoor landscape lighting and floodlighting can be preset to change seasons in spring, summer, autumn and winter, weekend holiday scenes, large-scale celebration scenes; meeting rooms, conference rooms, etc. can preset different scenes such as conference, projection, break between meetings, etc. . In the traditional manual control mode, it is difficult to achieve such a wide variety of lighting effects.
1.4 Improve management level
The intelligent lighting control system is based on automatic control and supplemented by manual control. Under normal circumstances, the lighting system automatically implements switching and dimming functions without the need for human involvement. It not only greatly reduces the number of managers, but also eliminates the irregular switches that occur due to human factors, which affects the normal teaching and living order of the school.
1.5 Better investment income effect
The intelligent lighting control system saves electricity and management expenses while saving energy and saving the use of lamps. According to the experience of general office building operations, the energy-saving effect can reach more than 40%, and the energy-saving effects of general shopping malls, hotels, and subway stations can reach 25%-30%; the school has not obtained specific statistics in this regard. However, according to the analysis, the effect is still satisfactory.
2 The basic components of the campus lighting control system
2.1 Master Control Center
The system uses a general-purpose computer as the main control center to communicate with the network through the RLINK communication device. Programming, monitoring, fault alarm and other functions can be directly implemented on the computer. Computers on the LAN can also be monitored through the main control center.
2.2 RLINK communication device
The main control center and the communication hub of each unit of the system network realize RS485/RS232 signal conversion, and have system self-diagnosis function and automatic fault alarm function.
2.3 Lighting controller
The core part of the intelligent lighting control system consists of the control module circuit, the drive module circuit, and the lighting-specific self-locking relay. Each lighting controller can work independently or be controlled by a computer center. The main control center stops working or communication interruption does not affect the normal operation of the controller. The controller is available in a variety of sizes and a single controller can control up to 48 loops. A maximum of 500 controllers can be connected in one system.
2.4 programmable switch
The intelligent weak current switch has various specifications such as 1~8 keys. The switch itself uses 24V safe voltage, there is no danger of electric leakage, and there is no ignition or arcing during the switch operation to ensure safety. The loop controlled by each button on the programmable switch is programmed by computer, and the single button can control multiple loops. The combination can be changed at will according to the situation, which is flexible and convenient to use.
2.5 Dynamic Sensor
Using the principle of infrared or ultrasonic, it automatically recognizes whether someone exists in the room and sends a signal to the controller to realize the dynamic control function of "people come to light, people go out."
2.6 Illuminance sensor
The core component is a photocoupler that adjusts the brightness of the indoor illumination by sensing the illumination of the external natural light source, enabling intelligent detection and intelligent adjustment.
2.7 Telephone communication device
Additional equipment required for telephone control. The user directly dials the phone and controls the lighting switch according to the prompt sound operation.
Intelligent lighting control system diagram
3 Characteristics of campus lighting control
Lighting control has many engineering practices at home and abroad in the field of building automation and landscape lighting. The design of the university town also refers to the design principles and design ideas of the original building automation. The goal of the design is to highlight the characteristics of intelligent lighting management, scientific management, energy saving and operating expenses. Reasonably subdivide the control loop, reasonably set the loop control method and the system operation plan.
The lighting control system can be integrated with the BA system. It provides interface protocols and software protocols that are connected to the BA system and is integrated into the BA system to facilitate centralized management of buildings and linkage between subsystems. The lighting control system can also be used to create a separate system using dedicated communication devices and programming monitoring software to set up a more ideal and flexible control solution. General commercial buildings, system integration is a good choice. However, for the school, the lighting control system is independent, on the one hand, it is more convenient for the communication and unified management of the lighting control of the entire campus; on the other hand, the control system can also put some low-power electrical equipment (such as electric fans, vents) The control of etc. is included to simplify the design.