Generally, bulbs use aluminum radiators. The disadvantages of such bulbs are heavy weight, and because aluminum is electrically conductive, it is not easy to pass CE, UL and other safety certifications if powered by a non-isolated constant current power supply. Because the high voltage of 4000V or more is required for these certifications, and this voltage is completely applied to a very thin insulating cloth of the aluminum substrate, usually the withstand voltage of the aluminum substrate rarely exceeds 3000V, which becomes a bottleneck for certification. The withstand voltage of the insulated plastic heat sink can easily exceed 4000V. This makes it easy to pass these safety certifications when using a bulb with a plastic heat sink while using a non-isolated constant current source.
Most people think that a metal radiator must be used to dissipate heat. This concept is not correct. Although the heat conduction of metal is indeed better than plastic, the main purpose of the outer casing radiator is to dissipate heat into the air. When the thickness of the heat sink is less than 5 mm, heat conduction is not a major problem. As long as the thermal conductivity of the heat sink material is greater than 5W/mK, the heat dissipation is mainly convective heat dissipation (see Figure 1). There is no difference between metal or plastic. Some good thermal conductive plastics doped with ceramic powder can easily achieve a thermal conductivity greater than 5W/mK.
Figure 1. Thermal conductivity greater than 5W/mK and thickness less than 5mm. The heat dissipation capability of the heat sink is completely determined by convection.
Moreover, plastic is superior to aluminum in terms of radiation heat dissipation. So using a plastic radiator for a bulb is a good choice.
The bulb developed by Longmao has an input power of 8W and an efficiency of over 88%. The actual test shows that the heat dissipation effect is satisfactory. And its weight is about 30% lighter than the bulb of a general aluminum radiator. The product is currently in volume production.
Off-line 12V Battery Smart Pulse Restore System, also be called Battery Maintenance System or Battery Restore Solution: mainly used in the whole industry of Electric Vehicle Battery (EV as electric bike, motor and Car ), Car and Truck Start-up battery, Sightseeing car and Golf Cart power battery, Wind and Solar energy storage battery, UPS Back up power system, Telecom base site battery , State Grid and Military battery for sudden affair, etc.
12V Battery Pulse Restore off-line System fully take into account the inconsistent of the physical resonance frequency between lead sulfate crystal and battery plates, select the optimal frequency of pulse waveform and pulse current intensity to "break" and "decompose" the lead sulfate crystals, ensure the best restoration effect of sulfide battery without any damage to the plates. In order to Reduce Internal Resistance and Increase Battery Capacity and Voltage effectively.
The system is composed of 3 parts and a professional standard restore process: 1) 12V Battery Restorer Device(4.5~300Ah); 2) 12V Battery Digital Pusle Charger; 3) 12V Battery Discharge Tester. Lead-Acid Battery Restoration system and Solution is applicable to all of Lead Acid Battery(AGM, GEL, VRLA, MF, Flooded, Dry, Traction, Deep cycle and Stationary), and widely used in 12V (4.5~300Ah) cell batteries.Product features
1. The smart pulse with fast rising front is resonant with the crystal of lead sulfate to dissolve the large lead sulfate crystal under the action of charging pulse, which can improve the capacity and prolong the service life of the battery.
2. No need to add any chemical additives, does not change the internal electrolyte composition of the battery, safe and reliable; For water loss batteries only need to add deionized water before restoring. The output pulse voltage and pulse current are strictly limited.
3. 4 independent output, can repair 4PCS 12V/4.5Ah-300Ah cells at the same time without interference.
4. Each system is equipped with "capacity selection" gear, according to the different capacity of the battery to select the precise gear, can be ensure better protection of battery plate in repair working.
5. Each system is provided with automatic repair function, automatic repair system will smartly adjust the pulse duty ratio based on the size and conditions of the battery without anyone on duty.
6. Each system is equipped with "High resistance repair" function, select the high resistance repair, specially for the long term stored batteries, even if the OCV is 0 Volt, but also can be easily activated.
12V Battery Restore System,12V Battery Pulse Desulfating Restorer,Battery Repair System,12V Cell Maintenance Charger
Shenzhen Daceen Technology Co., Ltd. , http://www.daceen-sz.com