Speaker manufacturers have the largest number of equipment in all audio systems, and are usually the most occupied and most eye-catching in audio shops. This article will introduce the current well-known speaker manufacturers, since they can survive among many competitors, they must have their uniqueness, which is worth learning.
Monitor Speaker Competition
The current studio monitor speakers do not seem to have any standards. Different studios will choose suitable speakers according to their environment and needs. However, before the 1970s, so-called monitor speakers were usually manufactured according to the specifications established by authoritative agencies. Sometimes You have to get certified to count. Earlier monitor speakers only required flat sound balance, precise resolution capabilities, and low coloring, and it did n’t matter whether they sounded good or not. Also from the 1970s, the concept has changed. The sound engineer believes that the harsh sound will affect the working mood, so the monitor speaker must take care of both. JBL, which is independent from Altec Lansing, is a good example. The 4300 series launched by them are quite good, causing a great trend in Japan. In fact, speakers such as 4320, 4333, 4343, and 4350 did not have any "monitoring standards". The studio is also accustomed to using Alte c's 604, 605 and other series of speakers.
In the early days of the United Kingdom, Tannoy was responsible for monitoring speakers. After the 1950s, state-owned BBC radio stations began to design monitoring speakers for different needs, such as speech, music, live recording, and auxiliary control monitoring. A series of standards came out, including Rogers and Harbeth. , Spend or, KEF, etc. have produced BBC standard speakers. Evergreen LS 3 / 5a is one of the BBC standards, designed for near-field monitoring, and its sound is recognized as very attractive. In the United States, the LC1 series of speakers designed by Dr. RCA Ozon was all the rage in the 1940s, and was gradually replaced by Altec and JBL. Westlake and Wooray, which use the two companies' single monomer improvements, also achieved good results. Japan ’s state-owned NHK radio station also formulated the BTS standard with reference to the BBC standard. According to this specification, Mitsubishi Electric ’s Diatone 2S205 and 2S305 manufactured in the 1950s have almost become a common standard for Japanese studios until Pioneer and Yamaha joined Only monitor monitors have diversified development.
B & W
In 1966, British electronic communications engineer John Bower and his friend Roy Wilkins partnered to open an audio store in Worthing, which is the origin of B & W. John Bower is here to help others assemble the speakers. The first product launched under the B & W brand is the P1. They use the earned money to buy some used test instruments. The P2 speaker introduced in 1967 used ion treble and laminated glass cone bass, which was well received and became B & W's first export speaker. B & W's tradition of innovation is established in Yan. In 1970, B & W established a research and development department to launch a DM70C horn with a static and cone design. In 1974, research began to use DuPont bulletproof cloth Kevlar to manufacture speaker monomers. The first pair of finished products DM6 was launched two years later. As for the B & W styling that we are familiar with on the top of the loudspeaker since 1977, the revolutionary B & W 801 speaker was introduced at WCES in 1979, and great progress has been made in testing with a laser jammer. EMI's Abbey Road took the lead in adopting 801 as a monitoring speaker, and then Decca and PolyGram Group also joined. Today, the Matrix 801 Series III is still the most widely used monitoring system in the classical music industry. The pair of loudspeakers use a 30 cm high polymer cone cone bass. The 12.6 cm midrange of the Kevlar diaphragm and the 2.6 cm metal tweeter are installed in two separate boxes to avoid mutual interference. The SB7000 launched by Japan Technics in 1975, and the 105 later launched by the British KEF, all use similar shapes, but only B & W survives stubbornly.
The Nautilus horn prototype designed by Laurence Dickie was exhibited in 1991, which shocked the world. After its official launch in 1994, it was regarded as a masterpiece of postmodernism, and its sound was also extraordinary. In pursuit of perfect sound, B & W has developed many bold and innovative shapes, such as pipe-shaped speakers, Blue Room like a fat doll, etc. The master is of course Nautilus. However, after all, Nautilus is too avant-garde and the price is too high, so B & W put its brains on the best-selling 801. When launching the new NauTIlus 801 and the smaller NauTIlus 802, 803, 805, etc., we see that there is already a recording studio Enshrined Nautilus 801. NauTIlus 801 still uses a 2.5 cm aluminum metal treble, the magnet is changed to a neodymium iron boron magnet, and a metal conduit is also added behind the speaker. In addition to the phase cone, the six-inch Kevlar diaphragm midrange is made of artificial stone. As for the bass from 12 inches to 15 inches, the diaphragm is a composite material of paper fiber and Kevlar, the cabinet is heavily organised, and the bass reflection holes are facing down. In terms of specifications, the low frequency of the new Nautilus 801 extends only to 29Hz-3dB, but it is not as good as the old 801. In fact, according to the audition of many experts, the design and sound performance of the Nautilus 801 far exceeds the old 801, and the price is the same. Will B & W stop here? of course not!
Tannoy and KEF
Tannoy's history started quite early, and they can be said to be one of the initiators of the British audio industry. In 1926, a broadcasting engineer named Guy R. Fou ntain developed a simple and reliable rectifier in the garage of his home in London. It was just suitable for the radio that was just started at the time, so Guy Fountain established Tannoy three years later. The origin of the name Tannoy is the abbreviation of the two metal materials used in the rectifier, titanium (Tantalum) and aluminum alloy (Lead-Alloy). After the establishment of the factory, Guy Fountain began to study the use of DC-excited moving coil speakers, and soon achieved results, but what really made Tannoy famous was a contract they received in 1930. The "International Circus" established by Sir Bertram Mills is actively expanding outwards and plans to become the first tent circus to travel by rail. They need a reliable and durable set that can make a loud noise without being harsh. The sound system of Tannoy was chosen.
Since then, Tannoy has been known for manufacturing high-quality PA speakers and studio monitor speakers. After the successive adoption of Tannoy products in the British House and the United Nations Building, they have hung a guarantee for them. In the 1950s, Tannoy was quite successful in communications equipment. On the one hand, with the development of stereo, it began to enter the home market. At this time, they launched the first coaxial design speakers. Whether it is a home or monitor speaker, Tannoy still uses coaxial monomers as the main force. System 215 MKII is the top model of Tannoy monitor speakers. It uses a 38 cm bass and a 38 cm coaxial monomer, but it sounds like It is very different from the household Tannoy speakers. The sound is bright and clear, the expression is direct, and the dynamics are particularly impressive. Tannoy's monitor speakers have moved from the UK to the world market. David Manley, who made the amplifier, purchased a 25-centimeter coaxial unit from Tannoy, designed his own monitor speakers under the brand of Manley Laboratories, and received the support of trumpet boss Dung Sax. It can be seen that Tannoy units are also very powerful.
Founded in 1961, KEF started with the production of monomers. Almost all British horn factories have purchased monomers from them. The famous 15-ohm version of the famous BBC LS 3 / 5A used KEF monomers. In the 1970s, a fire broke out at the KEF factory, and the production line was burnt down. One said that the reason why the LS 3 / 5A was changed to 11 ohms was for better linearity, but there was also a reason that KEF could no longer supply old monomers. Whatever is true, at least we can see that KEF plays a pivotal role in the British audio industry. In addition, the elliptical bass unit B-139 developed by KEF is an epoch-making contribution. With its small diaphragm area, it extends low frequencies to around 30Hz, which also illustrates the ability of KEF to design a single unit. Many horn kits with the KEF logo are almost equivalent to quality assurance. KEF's reputation in the professional field is more than the finished product. KEF's self-made speakers began to establish reputation, starting from 104 in 1973. In the LP era, KEF's wide range and dynamic performance of the speakers once intoxicated many people. KEF's self-made speakers are not fast. 105 was introduced in 1976, and then it was improved to 105/2, which set off a boom in the market. In 1979, KEF developed the S-Stop technology. In 1984, it launched the 104/2 horn using cavity coupled technology (Coupled Caviy). Its unique concept and rich low frequency performance certainly caused a lot of exclamation. In the same year, KEF engineers announced the high-bass coaxial technology, becoming the only rival to Tannoy. In 1989, KEF further improved the design and launched a coaxial unit called "Uni-Q". The 105/3 in the second year used both cavity coupling and Uni-Q coaxial technology, and its excellent performance shocked four. However, the current KEF flagship is still the 107/2, which launched a three-way design with active low-frequency equalization in 1992. In the past few years when the British market was extremely sluggish, funds from the Hong Kong consortium began to intervene in the operation of KEF. It is believed that KEF will move towards a more popular route.
Genelec
Genelec from Finland was founded in 1978. It mainly produces active monitor speakers. More and more recording studios have joined Genelec. Genelec uses traditional cone-shaped monomers, and the middle and high frequencies are installed on the panel with the horn diffusion effect. The factory calls it "Direct ivity Control Wave Guide", which can effectively control the directionality and phase characteristics. The level and crossover slope of all monomers are adjustable, which is another feature of Genelec speakers. Through these fine adjustments, ideal results can be achieved in different studios. Each unit has its own independent active amplifier, which is also one of the reasons for its popularity. The wiring can get a realistic, tough, straightforward and high-resolution sound, and the black body gives a majestic and powerful feeling. Orthodox monitor speakers.
Pioneer and Westlake
Pioneer's top products usually use the Exclusive brand, and the speakers are the same. TAD (Technical Audio Divise) exclusive speakers are used. They look beautiful, they sound outstanding, and they are very hot when they are bought. The bass of TAD uses a special casting method, and the entire frame is integrally formed, which can make a very deep sound. The tweeter driver equipped with a beryllium metal diaphragm and an asymmetrical wooden horn make the Exclusi ve speaker very powerful. Its sound range is not particularly wide, but it is fast, rich in mid-frequency, and full of energy. In addition, ultra-high efficiency is also one of its advantages. Taiwan Junjin has also designed a series of speakers using TAD monomers. The quality is not lost. The use of Luxman ’s small vacuum tube machine can give a very large and shocking effect. Of course, its price It is also amazing.
Westlake, founded by Glenn Phoenix in 1970, had a close relationship with JBL in the early years. It used various monomers manufactured by JBL. Since Glenn Phoenix was originally a recording celebrity in the West Bank of the United States, he designed the speakers according to his own standards. Just start the popularity. Westlake's large monitor speakers are similar to Exclusiv. They all use wooden horns and large-diameter bass. The five-way split SM-1 is much more luxurious than Exclusiv. In the space designed by Glenn Phoenix, the author once admired many sets of Jadis JA-200 post-level push SM-1, playing the Michael Jackson album produced in Westlake studio. The dynamic movement seemed to be slapped on the face. After listening to it, it was very enjoyable. However, in recent years, Westlake has gradually developed into an upright speaker, and has abandoned the horn design (except for the flagship Tower and the smaller one Tower 12), such as BBSM12VNF, small Lc6.75W / N, or horizontal BBSM4F, etc. All have extremely high ratings.
Electro-Voice and JBL
A long-established American shop established in 1927, standing separate from JBL and Altec, but Electro-Voice is less involved in the home market, so it has received less attention. For many years, Electro-Voice has insisted on the design of the mixing of horn treble and cone bass. This design often encounters the problem of efficiency mismatch, but they are well resolved. The flagship Georgian (the third-generation Georgian IIB has been launched) even uses a huge 46 cm bass unit. The midrange is also a huge 30 cm big guy. They can work with a horn composed of two tweeters. It is not easy. Electro-Voice also has the advantage of extremely high efficiency. The sensitivity above 95dB is very easy to use. It is fast, rich in details, and dynamic. These are all places where Electro-Voice is praised.
In 1946, JB Lansing formally established JBL company. The purpose at that time was to make a home system comparable to monitor speakers. Unexpectedly, JBL later entered the professional market to take a slice of the soup. The early masterpieces of JBL are Olympus, Hartsfield, Paragon, etc. Not only are they luxurious in shape, special in structure, but also have charming sounds, they are still the target of player collections. Paragon is more like elegant antique furniture. Hartsfield, which has been produced since the early 1950s, is mostly used in large-scale occasions such as theaters. In the past few years, fans have revived it and formed a good story. Two Michigan enthusiasts Mark Weiss and John Wolff have teamed up with a Classic Audio Reproductionds to create a new Hartsfield with updated technology and monomers. Due to the addition of ultra-high treble extension frequency, the crossover has been improved, natural and There will be some differences in the old Hartsfield. However, the elegant and large appearance and the loose natural charm are nostalgic. Hartsfield recommends placing it in the corner, but unlike Klipschorn ’s structure in the corner, Klipschorn uses the wall as an extension of the bass fold horn. Without the wall, the low frequency will be affected; Hartsfield is basically designed for easy placement . It is interesting that both later designed wing-shaped back panels to facilitate the need for positioning when leaving the corner.
Like Electro-Voice, JBL ’s large monitor speakers are dominated by horn treble and cone bass. Project K2 S9500, launched in 1989, used two bass packages to clamp the horn. Due to the large amount of new materials (glass horn, artificial The stone base, etc.) makes S95 00 have a new style. On the other hand, the small monitor speakers designed by JBL are also very popular. The L-100 launched in 1971 is for the beginning. In recent years, the 4312MKII, the latest 4325MKII, and even the Century Gold commemorative speakers launched to celebrate the 50th anniversary, All adopt similar ideas. These speakers have a very strong personality. It feels very suitable for interpreting popular music or as a home theater speaker. The meticulous expression, strong dynamics and bright transient response are the places where JBL is famous. JBL also has a professional brand called Urei. Many large studios have used Urei 815, which is a product of active design, and it is installed together with the amplifier. Urei's modular concept is very new. The entire series of speakers use the same JBL monomers. The speakers are only different in size. The structure and maintenance are easy. In fact, it takes some thought to adjust.
PMC and ATC
PMC (Professional Montior Com.) Is a British manufacturer that only emerged in 1990. Designers Peter Thomas and Adrian Loader produced a series of speakers for studio monitoring based on the principle of transmission line speakers. From the largest BB5 / XBD, there are MB-1, IB-1, AB-1, LB-1 and other products in order. Introducing PMC and ATC together, it is actually that they have many similarities. Like the large MB-1 and BB5, the mid-to-high part is simply a replica of ATC. The tweeter is a French Audax or Vifa product, the bun-type midrange is developed by ATC, the bass is different models and different products, the biggest feature is that they are all designed with transmission line speakers, so they can be smaller in size The ideal low frequency extension effect is achieved. Compared with ATC, PMC has the same thick mid-low frequency and weight, excellent density, especially full mid-frequency, can withstand high power (also must use high power to promote), and can also emit large dynamics. However, the PMC sinks lower than the low frequency of the ATC speaker of the same size, and the speed will not be too slow, which is quite suitable for the post-production process.
ATC was founded by Billy Woodman in 1974. He was involved in the design of B & W 801 and took inspiration from there to complete the design of the SCM series in 1986. Billy Woodman proposed the unique theory of large magnets, large voice coils, and short-stroke monomers, especially in the bass section. Its monomers often need to be customized, and one can withstand the weight of others, and the damping material is used to vibrate the pulp. The membrane is also unique. Billy Woodman's other achievement is to design a 7.5 cm convex spherical midrange monomer. This monomer gives the ATC speakers a very linear performance at the mid-frequency, and withstands high power and full and strong sound. Starting from the more used SCM-100, there are SCM-200 up and SCM-400 Big Mac. If it is not a model of active design, ATC has launched its own brand of front and rear levels in order to apologize to everyone Expand the machine to solve difficult problems. The SCM-50, SCM-20, SCM-10 and the smallest A7 launched by ATC are mostly used for household purposes. Their sound trends are roughly similar, and the cost of the amplifier is the same.
Yamaha and Diatone
The Yamaha audio department started with manufacturing amplifiers. The pyramid-shaped B-1 post in 1974 caused a lot of reverberation. The first speaker was the NS-690 in 1973, which was soon forgotten. The NS model stands for Nature Sound advertised by Yamaha. The NS-10M, which is widely used for near-field monitoring, was born in 1977. The 3.5-cm spherical treble and 18-cm white diaphragm bass are placed in small speakers. Can attract many people and become one of the necessary small speakers in the studio (because it is also very cheap). The NS-10M was later changed several times, and the NS-10M Pro was launched in 1987. The anti-magnetic MX Model was launched in 1993. In addition, there are horizontal 10M Studio, NS-10MM, NS-10MT and other models that can be installed with subwoofers. Developed out. A speaker is so popular, and its long life cycle is indeed a special example. In addition to this monitor speaker, Yamaha has only subwoofers made by YST technology. Other speakers are almost completely wiped out. Even the flagship speaker NSX-1000 made in 1986 for the promotion of Guowei can not escape this fate.
Diatone, which started with the manufacture of magnets, is a subsidiary of Mitsubishi Electric, and has been manufacturing monomers since the Second World War. The famous 2S205 and 2S305 are manufactured according to NHK broadcasting technical specifications, making them stable in the throne in the field of monitor speakers. Later, Diatone worked on the home market on the one hand, and continued to study in the professional field on the one hand. The 2S was added before the number for professional use, and the DS was for household products. Different from European and American manufacturers, Diatone has spent a lot of effort on the improvement of monomer materials. Over the years, it has tried many new materials, such as LCP diaphragms that are twice as fast as the speed of sound. Starting with the DS-V9000 in 1988, the boron diaphragm (B4C) tweeter developed jointly by Diatone and NHK was officially launched, and the extension is very good. The mid-bass unit has a honeycomb structure interwoven with three wires, together with their magnet structure called ADMC, which forms the basis of most Diatone speakers today. The biggest feature of the Diatone monitor speaker is its super analytical ability. The change from the smallest volume to the strongest sound can be clearly heard, but some people think that the taste is too bland, as if drinking plain water.
Rogers, Harbeth, Spendor
These three British manufacturers all have a close relationship with the BBC. Their principals or designers have successively worked on the BBC, and then come out to the independent portal, so from their products, they can vaguely hear the same pedigree and personality. In 1947, Jim Rogers founded Rogers in Hampstead. He first produced only Williams vacuum tube expanders and helped a company manufacture marine communications equipment. It was not until 1954 that the company moved to Woolwich that Rogers began producing speakers. In the early 1970s, Rogers began to cooperate with the BBC. The LS3 / 5 launched in 1974, using KEF T-27 tweeters and B-110 bass small speakers, began to bring revolutionary changes to small speakers. Rogers also because of The first to produce LS3 / 5 is famous for its history. Since then, Rogers has launched several BBC speakers such as LS5 / 8, LS5 / 9, etc., and has developed many wonderful home products under the leadership of designer Richard Ross. Later Richard died, Rogers changed hands several times, and now the boss behind the scene is already a multinational group, they are ready to promote Rogers as the British Bose, but have not yet achieved results.
The Alan Show, which was originally served by NEC, bought the Harbeth company established by W. Harwood in 1986. W. Harwood was originally the director of the BBC research center. He led the development of LS5 / 5, LS3 / 5A, LS3 / 7, LS5 / 8 kinds of speakers with BBC specifications. Harwood was the first designer to use plastic paper cones. He was the first to apply it to LS3 / 4 and LS5 / 5. In the early 1970s, he obtained a patent for a polylipid compound and sold this patent to CBS. Interesting facts about claims made by manufacturers using monomers made of polylipid materials. After leaving the BBC, W. Harwood discovered the TPX material produced by a French company, which is the lightest heat sensitive plastic. He used it on HL Compact, HL-5 and other speakers to get the first-class sound. After taking over, Alan Show has always wanted to get rid of the shadows of the past, launch HL-P3ES to replace Ls3 / 5a, and the popular HL Compact 7, and now also join the LS5 / 12A manufacturing lineup.
Cughes Spendor, a former Harwood colleague, established Spendor approximately at the same time. In the early days, Spendor was still famous for the production of BBC horns. The SP-1 was well received by many people. But after Spendor's death, his son Derek Hughes didn't manage well and sold the company to the Soundtrack Group. Derek was in charge of the design, and the G-1000 was out of his hands. There are not many Spendor products. In addition to the LS5 / 12A, the currently active monitor speakers also have a SA350. This was originally an active speaker designed for the German Broadcasting Company. It looks like the Spendor G-450.
Dynaudio Acoustics and Dynaudio
The parent company of Dynaudio Acoustics is Dynaudio, Denmark's most famous monomer manufacturer. Since Dynaudio launched its flagship Consequence in 1989, it has established their reputation in the manufacture of finished speakers. In the following year, the famous British monitor speaker designer Andy Munro cooperated with Dynaudio to establish Dynaudio Acoustics, which specializes in producing speakers for recording studios The company is located in London and the two companies are closely related but operate independently. Dynaudio Acoustics speakers will of course use Dynaudio's monomers, and they are still the top ones, including Dynaudio's famous bun-type midrange, the largest M3 uses two midranges and two basses. Because these monomers are not easy to promote and the structure is similar to ATC, the competition between the two is fierce. The strange thing is that Dynaudio Acoustics and Dynaudio use the same monomer, but the sound is significantly different. The former is more straightforward and dynamic, while the latter is slender, transparent and light.
Dynaudio speakers are divided into Confidence, Contour, and Audience main series. In addition, there are independent models of speakers such as Facette, Craft ft, and Micron. The BBC-standard LS 5 / 12A is also produced by Dynaudio. Regardless of the model, Dynaudio speakers give the impression that they are often not full, and the amplifier's current seems to be squeezed out, so it is not easy to make a good sound. For this reason, Dynaudio has launched the front and rear amplifiers with amazing prices. The design and driving force are invincible. But with this good amplifier, can we only push speakers such as Consequence? It's a pity, so Dynaudio is preparing to launch a pair of super flagship Evidence, the original is called "Formula One" (Formula One), two meters tall, sharing eight monomers on one side, the speakers and crossovers are extremely luxurious It works.
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